Correlation between Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Coronary Artery Disease

Introduction: Coronary artery disease (CAD) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) both are considered as multifactorial process. Smooth muscle proliferation is an important and possibly an androgen-dependent step in the development of atherosclerosis and BPH. Insulin such as growth factor, inflammation, and metabolic syndrome plays a central role in pathogenesis of BPH and CAD. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to study occurrence of CAD among subjects with BPH, occurrence of BPH among subjects with CAD, and correlation between them. Materials and Methods: A total of 150,75 subjects with BPH (lower urinary tract symptoms with ultrasonography [USG] evidence/raised age-specific serum prostate-specific antigen [PSA]) and 75 subjects without BPH were included. PSA was measured by chemiluminescence method, prostate volume with transabdominal USG. CAD was diagnosed with the help of electrocardiogram, 2D-ECHO, Tread Mill Test (TMT), and documented history of angioplasty. Results: The occurrence of CAD among 75 subjects with BPH (30.66%) was significantly higher than 75 subjects without BPH (12%) (P < 0.05) and even after excluding subjects with risk factor/factors (22.5% versus 7.4%: P < 0.05, respectively). Among subjects with CAD (32/150), occurrence of BPH was 27.81% more as compared to subjects without CAD (118/150). Mean serum PSA level and mean prostatic volume were also significantly higher in subjects with CAD as compared to subjects without CAD. Conclusion: The occurrence of CAD was found to be significantly higher among subjects with BPH (even after excluding subjects with risk factors). Occurrence of BPH was also significantly higher among subjects with CAD along with mean serum PSA and mean prostatic volume. Thus, a significant correlation can exist between CAD and BPH.